China’s Consumer Spending Expanded Modestly in 2025, But Momentum Softened at Year-End
Retail sales improved marginally year-on-year, supported by resilient online spending and stronger rural consumption.
Retail sales improved marginally year-on-year, supported by resilient online spending and stronger rural consumption.
China’s 2025 expansion reflects steady export growth and a return to mid-single-digit overall trade momentum.
Machinery, electronics and vehicles dominate China’s Latin America export basket, driven by Mexico and Brazil.
China handled 18.3 billion tonnes of port freight in 2025, including 5.7 billion tonnes of foreign trade cargo.
The new framework could unlock growth in non-commodity exports, especially food, autos and industrial intermediates.
Central and western provinces led growth in 2025, while several northern and southern regions expanded well below the national average.
ANDAMAN PARTNERS reviews the complex, comprehensive and consequential role China plays in global resources.
Sustained investment intensity and long-term growth are concentrating global capital formation in a small group of economies, led by China and the U.S.
China retains unmatched scale at the centre of global high-tech production, while rapid gains in Vietnam, Mexico and other Asian hubs.
China’s exports reoriented away from the U.S. toward Asia and emerging markets, while U.S. imports re-anchored toward Mexico, Europe and Asia.