Global Leaders in Agricultural and Food Trade in 2024
The EU dominates both markets, while the U.S. and Brazil remain strong exporters. China plays a larger role as an importer.
From Concentration to Global Reach: China’s Export Markets, 1995-2024
In 1995, nearly four-fifths of China’s exports went to just ten economies. By 2024, the top-ten's share was reduced to 51%.
Why China Remains Central to Global Supply Chains: Manufacturing Value Added (1994-2024)
While manufacturing has declined steadily in the U.S., EU, Japan and Germany, China has sustained a uniquely high manufacturing share.
U.S. Imports and the Shifting Architecture of Global Trade (1987-2025)
As the world’s leading importer, U.S. imports over nearly four decades have reflected the evolving patterns of global trade.
China Dominates Global Steel Production and Is the Leading Exporter
China dominates steel production, accounting for 53% of global output and nearly 1 in 5 dollars of steel exports in 2024.
China Dominates Global Crude Oil Demand
China alone accounts for a fifth of global crude oil imports while supply remains concentrated in a handful of exporters.
Global Oil Refining Capacity: China and the U.S. Dominate
China and the U.S. account for 36% of the world’s oil refining capacity, and only five economies control half of the world’s capacity.
GDP Scale vs Dynamism: The World’s Largest and Fastest-Growing Economies
The world’s most dynamic economies with sustained economic growth are clustered in Africa as well as South, Central and Southeast Asia.
Copper, Lithium and More: Chile’s Exports Delivering Vital Industrial Inputs and Agricultural Products
Beyond copper and lithium carbonate, Chile is a major supplier of fruit, fish, pulp, metals and chemicals, with China as the largest buyer.
Oil, Ores and Soybeans: Brazil’s 70% Export Core Providing Food, Minerals and Fuel to the World
Brazil’s 70% export triad—agribusiness, minerals and fuels—feeds and powers global markets, led by China as the top buyer.