Reserves & Import Dependence: Which Major Economies Can Absorb Trade Shocks?
Comparing total reserve buffers with import dependence reveals sharp differences in trade resilience among major economies.
China’s Mineral Imports Stabilise at Structurally High Levels
Bulk mineral imports stabilised at elevated monthly values in 2024-2025, while non-bulk imports trended higher in aggregate.
Global Trade’s Competitive Field Beneath the Top Three
The top of the global trade landscape separates into economies defined by scale and momentum.
ASEAN’s 4-Trillion-Dollar Trade System: East-West Crossroads of Global Commerce
ASEAN has almost doubled its trade since 2010 and has strengthened ties with China and the U.S., cementing the bloc’s position as an East-West trading nexus.
ASEAN’s 4-Trillion-Dollar Trade System: Balancing Regional Integration and Global Reach
ASEAN’s trade has surged to nearly USD 4 trillion in 2024 while developing a uniquely balanced structure.
Anchored in Asia: Australia’s Trade Has Become Regionally Centred
With Minerals & Fuels and Metals flowing out to Asia and manufactured goods flowing in, Australia’s trade profile is increasingly tied to China and Asian markets.
The Global Minerals Chain From Exporting Economies to Industrial Consumers
There are two distinct roles in the global minerals system: upstream exporters and downstream manufacturing hubs, whose demand for resources continues to rise.
Key Players in the Global Fuels & Mining Products Trade
In 2024, the top ten importers bought nearly USD 700 billion more than the top ten exporters supplied.
The Shift in China’s Growth Engine: From External Dependence to Domestic Scale
China’s import intensity peaked in 2006 and has steadily declined since then as domestic production capacity and internal demand expanded.
The Rise and Fall of China’s Trade Intensity: From Export Surge to Economic Rebalancing
China’s trade as a share of GDP rose from 20% in 1980 to a peak of 64% in 2006 before falling to 37% in 2024 as the economy shifted toward domestic consumption.
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