ASEAN’s 4-Trillion-Dollar Trade System: Balancing Regional Integration and Global Reach
ASEAN’s trade has surged to nearly USD 4 trillion in 2024 while developing a uniquely balanced structure.
Top 20 Global Mining Firms, 2015 vs. 2025: China’s Majors Have Become Global Heavyweights
Over the last decade, Chinese firms surged into the global mining elite, now accounting for 2 of the top 5.
Anchored in Asia: Australia’s Trade Has Become Regionally Centred
With Minerals & Fuels and Metals flowing out to Asia and manufactured goods flowing in, Australia’s trade profile is increasingly tied to China and Asian markets.
China’s Mining Hierarchy in 2025: The 10 Firms Shaping Energy and Metals Supply
Shenhua’s scale underscores China’s continued dependence on coal, while Zijin’s rise anchors China’s position in the global energy transition.
The Global Minerals Chain From Exporting Economies to Industrial Consumers
There are two distinct roles in the global minerals system: upstream exporters and downstream manufacturing hubs, whose demand for resources continues to rise.
Key Players in the Global Fuels & Mining Products Trade
In 2024, the top ten importers bought nearly USD 700 billion more than the top ten exporters supplied.
The Global Services Power Landscape: Leaders of the World’s Fastest-Growing Trade Arena
In 2024, the global commercial services trade reached nearly USD 9 trillion, led by a group of economies with deep capabilities.
China’s 10 Largest Mining Deals Since 2019: Large Gold, Copper and Lithium Acquisitions
Chinese mining M&A surged in 2019-2025, as China locked in supply-critical metals across Africa and Latin America.
The Shift in China’s Growth Engine: From External Dependence to Domestic Scale
China’s import intensity peaked in 2006 and has steadily declined since then as domestic production capacity and internal demand expanded.
The Rise and Fall of China’s Trade Intensity: From Export Surge to Economic Rebalancing
China’s trade as a share of GDP rose from 20% in 1980 to a peak of 64% in 2006 before falling to 37% in 2024 as the economy shifted toward domestic consumption.
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