Africa’s Trade Is Shifting Increasingly Toward China
China’s share of Africa’s trade has expanded sharply since 2001, with imports from China now matching Europe’s share
Africa’s Export Growth Remains Commodity-Led, with Scale Concentrated in a Handful of Economies
Exports have grown steadily since 2015, but minerals, fuels and metals still dominate, while five countries account for half of the total
Africa’s Import Demand Continues to Grow as Industrial and Consumer Markets Expand
Machinery, electronics, fuels and industrial inputs dominate Africa’s imports, and China remains the continent’s largest supplier
China’s Trade With Africa Accelerates as Industrial Exports Surge and Surplus Widens
China’s exports to Africa grew 26% in 2025, led by machinery, vehicles and light manufacturing, while imports expanded only modestly.
Key Players in the Global Fuels & Mining Products Trade
In 2024, the top ten importers bought nearly USD 700 billion more than the top ten exporters supplied.
Oil, Metals and Electronics: The Rapid Growth of India’s Imports
India’s imports have grown prodigiously since 2000, reflecting the transformation of the country’s economy.
Microchips, Oil and Soybeans: The Global Impact of China’s Imports
What China buys and where it buys it have reshaped supply chains, commodity flows and trade balances worldwide.
Global Oil Refining Capacity: China and the U.S. Dominate
China and the U.S. account for 36% of the world’s oil refining capacity, and only five economies control half of the world’s capacity.
China’s Dependence on Strategic Fuel Imports and Opportunities for Global Fuel Exporters
China is the world’s largest consumer of energy and runs large trade deficits for primary fuels, especially crude oil and petroleum gases.
Australia’s Highly Specialized Export Profile: Risk and Opportunity
Australia’s highly specialized export profile can be a source of risk and opportunity in a changing global trade context.