China and the Global Critical Minerals and Battery Supply Chain Landscape
Upstream mineral supply is globally distributed, but China remains the dominant actor in the midstream and downstream battery ecosystem.
Upstream mineral supply is globally distributed, but China remains the dominant actor in the midstream and downstream battery ecosystem.
China’s dominance in battery-grade processing and cell manufacturing leaves global EV production dependent on two stages of the supply chain.
As China’s export growth becomes more concentrated, a limited number of high-growth segments are combining rapid expansion with meaningful export scale.
Chinese mining M&A surged in 2019-2025, as China locked in supply-critical metals across Africa and Latin America.